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Karen Parfitt Hughes (born December 27, 1956) is a Republican U.S. bureaucrat from the state of Texas. She currently serves as the Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs in the U.S. Department of State with the rank of ambassador.

Contents 1 Early life 2 Work with George W. Bush 3 Ten Minutes from Normal 4 As Undersecretary of State for Public Diplomacy 5 2005 tour of the Middle East 6 Breast cancer advocacy 7 References 8 Footnotes 9 External links

Born in 1956 in Paris, France, she is the daughter of Patricia Rose Scully^[1] and Harold Parfitt, the last U.S. Governor of the Panama Canal Zone. Hughes received her bachelor's degree from Southern Methodist University in 1977 where she was a member of Alpha Delta Pi sorority. She worked as a television news reporter from 1977 to 1984. As a reporter, Hughes followed the presidential campaign in 1980. In 1984, she switched from covering politics to practicing politics, going to work as the Texas press coordinator for the Reagan-Bush campaign.

Since the 1990s, Hughes has worked with George W. Bush: first as director of communications while he was governor of Texas, from 1995 to 2000, and then as counselor to the president from 2001 to 2002, while he was President of the United States. Hughes is the credited co-author of Bush's 1999 memoir A Charge to Keep.

Hughes left the Bush administration in July 2002 to return to Texas, but remained in daily contact with the Bush reelection campaign by telephone and e-mail, and spoke personally with Bush several times a week. In 2002, Hughes was a member of the White House Iraq Group, the secretive task force charged with selling the U.S. public on the supposed dangers posed by Saddam Hussein. In August 2004, Hughes returned to full-time service with the Bush campaign, setting up office on Air Force One, from where she planned the 2004 Republican National Convention and the late stages of the 2004 election. She has been described by The Dallas Morning News as "the most powerful woman ever to serve in the White House", and by ABC News as Bush's "most essential advisor," and remains one of the major voices of the Bush campaign.

In March 2004, Hughes published Ten Minutes from Normal, an upbeat account of her work in the Bush administration. While promoting her book, she appeared on CNN on April 25, 2004 - the same day as the March for Women's Lives - and said "I think after September 11, the American people are valuing life more … and I think those are the kind of policies the American people can support, particularly at a time when we're facing an enemy, and really, the fundamental difference between us and the terror network we fight is that we value every life."

On March 14, 2005, the president announced his intention to nominate Hughes for the undersecretary of state for public diplomacy with the rank of ambassador — a job focused on changing foreigners' perceptions about America. The Senate confirmed her nomination in July of 2005. Prior to being officially sworn in on September 9, 2005, Hughes took an extended leave of absence, which she described as a much needed vacation. During this period Hughes also spent time involved in the Texas senatorial campaign of John Cornyn as well as other state races, and began a speaking tour at a reported $50,000 per engagement.

In her new capacity, Hughes has spoken of improving the world's perception of the United States via creation of a "rapid-response unit" and a plan to "forward-deploy regional SWAT teams". During a town hall meeting on September 8, 2005, a State Department employee complained that "recently, we've had tremendous amount of difficulty in some cases getting clearance for our ambassadors to speak." Hughes replied, "If they make statements based on something I sent them, they're not going to be called on the carpet."^[1]

Starting with a September 26, 2005 stop in Egypt, Hughes went on a tour of the Middle East to speak with leaders and people from the region.

On her September 27 stop in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia during a talk with female students, she expressed her wish that women could "fully participate in society" as they do in the United States. In response one of the women said "The general image of the Arab woman is that she isn't happy [...] Well, we're all pretty happy."². Her talk underlined the differences between the view the U.S. has for Arab women and the views of women in traditional societies about their position.

In a press conference in Jakarta, Indonesia Hughes incorrectly stated that Saddam Hussein had gassed "hundreds of thousands of Iraqis" and was later confronted by an Indonesian student who after listing countries that the U.S. has recently invaded then asked, "Who's the terrorist? Bush or us Muslims?"

Hughes met business representatives from the United Arab Emirates (U.A.E.) to create the U.S.-U.A.E. Partnership for Breast Cancer Awareness and Research.

It will develop breast-cancer awareness campaigns and expand research in the Middle East by linking U.S. medical experts, fundraisers, health-research activists and businesses with their U.A.E. counterparts.[2]

1. State department transcript. Briefing En Route Ankara, Turkey. September 26, 2005
2. Steven R. Weisman. Saudi Women Have Message for U.S. Envoy. September 28, 2005

• Special Report on Karen Hughes' nomination to Under Secretary for Public Diplomacy
• USC Center on Public Diplomacy Wiki profile on Hughes and her new position
• Testimony at confirmation hearing before the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Washington, DC (July 22, 2005)
• Marketing America (March 16, 2005) PBS Online NewsHour featuring Karen Hughes.
• Profile: Karen Hughes, SourceWatch
• Karen Hughes and the collapse of American public diplomacy[[